SUNDAY
SEPTEMBER 1, 1861
THE DAILY PICAYUNE (LA)

TELEGRAPHED TO THE TIMES PICAYUNE
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MISSOURI UNDER MARTIAL LAW
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Proclamation of Gen. Fremont

St. Louis, Aug. 31—Gen. Fremont has proclaimed that circumstances render it necessary that the commanding general of the department should assume administrative power of Missouri, and declares the States under martial law.

In accordance with this proclamation, persons found with arms in hand shall be court martialed and shot. Property, real and personal, of persons who shall take up arms against the Federal Government will be confiscated to the public use; and their slaves, if they have any, are hereby declared freemen. Railroad tearers, telegraph interceptors, false report circulators, and aiders of the enemy, from this day subject themselves  to the severest penalties. People are warned to return to their homes, and any absence without sufficient cause will be considered presumptive evidence against absentees.

Provost Marshal McKinstry forbids persons from passing out of the country without a pass from his office. He orders ferries, railroads and steamboats  to sell tickets unless the applicants hold a pass.

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A Dismal Foreboding—The New York Times advocates a combined effort to get rid of the unemployed and starving population of that city by sending them to the West. It owns up to the condition of affairs thus:

“Our citizens may as well now take into serious consideration the social burdens they will be obliged to carry during the approaching winter. The unemployed poor are increasing upon our hands at an alarming rate. Already we are informed that thousands of able-bodied women are under charge of the Commissioners of Charity, and supported at public expense—women who ask for no charity, but only work. Many families of volunteers have not been relieved by the liberal sums expended, and will be forced soon to become burdens on the city. The swarm of unfortunate children—the offspring of people impoverished by the business prostration, or of fathers who have abandoned everything for the war—increases in the streets. The agents of such societies as the Children's Aid Society report that numbers of destitute and orphan little ones best their office or their schools and seek shelter and employment. All signs foreboden severe and gloomy autumn and winter for the poor.”

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From Cairo--the St. Louis Democrat has a letter dated Cairo, Aug. 24th, from which the following are extracts:

No fighting has taken place within the last two days around Bird's Point. A scouting party of cavalry, under Capt. Ewell, was sent out on Friday night to eight miles beyond Charleston, but returned and reported all quiet. Since the surprise of Col. Dougherty, they have evidently become more cautious.

It is confidently reported that several 64-pound siege guns are being brought from Columbus, Ky., by the rebels, to Paducah, and that it is their intention to seize the place, plant a battery which will blockade the Ohio river, and also command the entrance to the Tennessee. It is a grand strategic point with the rebels, and should be closely watched by the Federal Government.

The gunboats are doing all in their power, but they cannot be every where at the same time. Since their arrival, except the Conestoga, which is being repaired, they have been in constant service.

The Tyler is still at Commerce, where the rebels are daily gaining strength and boldness. On Friday they crept up to an eminence above Commerce, known as Grave Yard Hill, planted a 6-pounder, and let fly a couple of shots at the Tyler, which, however, fell short. She immediately opened upon them with 64-pound shell, and sent them flying back to their lair.

The rebels, 4,000 strong, are represented to be fortifying Benton, the county seat, some eight miles back of Commerce. They are Jeff Thompson's forces.

Reports have reached Cairo that Gen. Polk is sending large reinforcements to Pillow at New Madrid, and that the latter will make a forward movement in full force in a day or two. Many here think that Bird's Point will be his best, first object of attack—others, that he will form a junction with Hardee and move on Ironton. Indications go to show, however, that an attack on Bird's Point is premeditated by him.

THIS VILE WAR

We give the following from the Concord (N.H.) Standard, of the 3d, as the article which caused that paper to be mobbed:

“Men of New England! It is a war waged against your interests, your pockets, your future prosperity, the welfare of your families, the future of your wives and little children. The sad loss of life at Bull Run—nay, the thousands of brave hearts which are yet to be sacrificed, if Black Republican demagogues and treasury plunderers are permitted to carry out their programme of blood—are but as a feather in the balance when weighed against the demoralization, the prostration, the crushing destruction which this infernal war will surely bring upon every New England home. Fathers! God protect your dear wives and helpless children, who will have to suffer most from this infamous, fratricidal war.

“Rich men—those who are reputed to be such—where is your fancied wealth? What is your real estate worth to-day? Where can you find a purchaser for it at anything like its cost? Where can you find one at any price? Will your incomes pay insurance and taxes, if this miserable war continues until next May?

“Men of moderate means! Where is your income today? What storekeeper in Concord has made enough for the past fortnight to pay his business expenses, to say nothing of those of his family? Have your profits paid the grocer, the baker, the butcher? If they have, the deserted streets of this city for the past fourteen days have lied, and yet you have only begun to get a peep at the beginning of the end. If this cursed war continues another twelve month, grass will grow in Main street. Even the Government tax gatherers will not be able to tread it down, for by that time, may be, you will have ceased to be able to pay their demands, and their occupation will be gone.

“You  must then repudiate, willing or unwilling. Mechanics! You like to read about the war, perhaps, in the unreliable sensation city press. You would have rejoiced over a different result at Bull Run—exulted at a successful forward Northern march to Richmond. But reflect a moment seriously—reflect! Would that have done more than gratify your national pride, or political animosity? Would it have tended to revive your crippled business? Would it have ensured to you better wages for the coming fall and winter, fuel for your firesides, food and raiment for your loved ones? Think seriously about this. Look at the taxes which this damnable war is daily piling upon your shoulders—count the figures—mark the plunderers who have plunged their arms to their pits in the public treasury, while our soldiers starve and go almost naked—count the cost, if you know how to do sums in simple addition—and then answer, how long do you expect to stand it? Will it pay?

“Poor men—you who depend on your daily labor for your support, God help you! We feel for you, because we are one of you. Where do we find our dollar a day now, unless we enlist as officers for this plundering war? Where shall we find our shilling a day if it continues six months longer, when the frosts and snows of another winter fall around us and our families?

“In this city, not a day has passed for the last week but what the family of the writer of this article has been called on to give bread to famishing children—on two occasions to honest appearing, grown men, out of work and without a cent. They would be glad to labor, but they cannot find a chance in the present general stagnation. Where are our charitable associations? Let them arouse themselves—nay, even now at midsummer, when poverty never before asked alms in Concord. This crying shame—one of the results of this Devil war—has got to be met. The money which has been contributed for tracts which they will never read—the liberal contributions which have been made for under-clothing, for havelocks, for lint which cowardly, run away surgeons didn't stop to use at Centreville—all these contributions must soon be made over and over again, ten times and ten times ten times, for the benefit of our own suffering poor. Again we say, God help them, for our city and town authorities don't do it. Already the almshouses are not large enough.”

MONDAY
SEPTEMBER 2, 1861
THE BOSTON DAILY ADVERTISER

MONEY: THE SINEWS OF WAR
TO THE EDITORS OF THE BOSTON DAILY ADVERTISER

August 27, 1861--According to the views entertained in Germany, of the relative means of the government of this country, and of her rebellious subjects in the prosecution of the war in which they are engaged, “the North has money, men, a righteous cause, and the sympathy of humanity,” while “the Rebels lack men, money, and the favor of God.”

On the other hand, it is, we think, quite certain that in no other part of the civilized portion of the world is there a population of 12,447,981, possessed of so many advantages in climate, soil and variety of useful staples as are possessed by the slave States, and yet so destitute of wealth, and many other advantages of civilization usually accompanying that blessing.

Take one example of the progressive movements on the two leading States in the Union. In 1790 Virginia contained a population of 748,308, and New York 340,120. Now the former has 1,421,661, of which 472,528 are slaves, and the latter 3,048,325 freemen. The real and personal property of New York by the census of 1850—the last return—was $1,080,309,216, that of Virginia by the census of 1840 $202,634,638. The products of Virginia by the census of 1840 amounted to $76,769,053, and those of New York $193,806,433. By the census of 1850 Virginia had only on hand a few millions, while New York increased to more than double the previous return. In the face of these authentic statements the slave States boast of their superior means of prosecuting the war till we are conquered.

POLAND HELD BY RIGHT OF CONQUEST

The Warsaw correspondent of the London Times in a recent letter writes as follows:

“In the Kremlin at Moscow, among other curiosities and antiquities, and by the side of such warlike spoils as the crowns of Kazan and Astrakhas, may be seen the roll of parchment which contains the Constitution of Poland. It is surrounded with other trophies taken by the army of the Emperor Nicholas from his own subjects, whom he seems to have been delighted to look upon in “the enemy;” and we may be sure that this Constitution will not be given back until the throne of the Georgian and  Tartar Princes are restored. If Russia had ever held out the slightest hope of its reestablishment, the case would be different; but she has proclaimed candidly—or cynically, if you will—in her official journals (I can point to the exact number of the Northern Bee in which the assertion is made), that she holds Poland simply by right of conquest. It is on this plea that, with a barbarism worthy of the French under Napoleon, she has plundered the libraries and museums of Warsaw to enrich those of St. Petersburg; and she has done this in the face of all Europe, and the ukase¹ has even been published in which the Emperor Nicholas, with an air of wonderful magnimity, “deigns to order” that a portion of the books and of the numismatic collection shall be allowed to remain in the Polish capital.

“Is it, then, not  mere waste of time to talk to Russia about the treaties of 1815, and about the Polish constitution which many persons imagine—most erroneously, it must be admitted—is therein guaranteed? All this, in the opinion of Russia, is ancient history; we might as well speak to her about the treaties signed between Peter the Great’s father and John Sobieski.”

Domesday Book—The English antiquarians have lately been delighted by the announcement that a facsimile of the original Domesday Book of William the Conqueror is likely soon to be published. The discoveries of Sir Henry James and others in photography have made this possible, and a beginning of the work has been made for the county of Cornwall.

The publication of such a facsimile edition will settle many points of antiquarian research and dispute, by giving to all the real orthography of the record in the names of persons and places, and by showing whether discrepancies are to be ascribed to errors in the transcription or to ignorance.

Giving Information—It is reported that later-copied letters still show that New York papers are received in the Gulf States within ten days after publication, and that rebel movements in that quarter are based upon the inferences drawn from published statements as to the designs of the military authorities. In short, the rebels know just as well as our own people what the government meditates—a very strong proof of the wisdom of not letting its meditations become known to all.

In this connection we may add that nothing has lately occurred which ought to encourage the public more, than the secrecy with which the naval expedition which left Fortress Monroe last week was planned, prepared and sent out. We may hope that at last the secrets of the government can be kept.

TUESDAY
SEPTEMBER 3, 1861
THE BOSTON DAILY ADVERTISER

THE NORTH CAROLINA EXPLOIT

The steam frigate Minnesota arrived at New York yesterday, bringing the 620 rebel prisoners captured at the North Carolina forts. She reports that all the privateer steamers had left Hatteras prior to the attack.

The correspondent of the New York Times gives the following graphic account of the action at the forts:

It is near 9 o’clock on Wednesday morning. The fleet continues to advance in battle array, The most perfect silence prevails. Everything is done by signals from the flag-ship. The entire squadron is in the field. Each ship is in her place—slowly, steadily, calmly advancing. The morning continues beautiful, and the usually rough sea of Cape Hatteras is perfectly calm. It is wonderful to see such weather her at such an hour. It looks as if the finger of the Almighty was laid directly on the billows, and had bound them into quiet. The flag, embankment, barracks and tents of the fort are now merging  into view each moment, and the silence is perfectly awful. ²

Ten o’clock A.M.—The following signal appears on the flag-ship. “Prepare to disembark the troops.”

Ten and a quarter o’clock—The first gun has just boomed from the Susquehanna. It passes directly over the fort, but elicits no reply. A gun follows from the Wabash. The sand flies all over the beach in all directions where the shot strikes. The firing now commences from all the ships in regular order. The Harriet Lane has led the way ahead of all the rest, her drums beating to quarters, the Adelaide, with the troops, following closely at hand. The firing has now become rapid, and continues for some moments, the thunder and boom of cannon, and the bursting of shells in the air over the forts presenting a startling scene to the thousands looking on.

Ten and a half—Gen. Butler now appears on the wheel-house of the Harriet Lane, close by the Adelaide, and pointing to the selected spot, shouts the command, “Land the troops!” The preparations are now going forward with great rapidity. The men and arms are made ready, and the tows swing for the shore. There are no signs of movement in the fort, though it has replied with a few guns, all the shots from which fall short. Not a vessel is hit. The sound of the guns alarms the cattle in the woods, who rush down to and along the beach, in large droves—a kind of “powder-horn artillery” that will meet a hearty welcome.

Eleven o’clock—The firing of the fleet has increased with terrible rapidity, and the forts reply with great spirit. Their gunnery is remarkably good. The troops are now landing with artillery, in the order proposed.

Eleven twenty—The Susquehanna now changes her place in the line of battle, and fires a gun that makes a terrible echo. Her aim is direct, and the result is at once seen at the parapets.

Twelve o’clock—The Minnesota opens her ports from the centre. Her firing is most powerful and effective. The wind has now increased in a singular manner, so as to keep us clear from smoke, and show the fortifications to advantage, while the men on the parapets are enveloped in clouds. The men in the fleet are thus unobstructed.

Twelve fifteen—The Pawnee commences firing into the woods, where it is supposed the Secessionists may be lying in ambush to interfere with the landing of our forces. The Harriet Lane and all the remainder of the fleet are now firing on the forts. The sound of the guns and appearance of the smoke are sublime at times. A score of cloud balloons, formed in wreaths by the explosion of the shells, are seen in the air at the same moment, floating in the sky over the trembling land.

Two o’clock—The troops are now on the shore forming into line, bearing the beautiful banner of our glorious Union. It is a pleasant sight in the old North State.

Three to Five o’clock—The bombardment continues at intervals. Not one of the vessels has yet been hit, though the forts have fired with the utmost animation.

Six o’clock—The sky for the first time grows lowering towards the sea. It is evident that the secessionists are disappointed as to their fire, and their only hope now is that a gale may speedily arise and scatter the fleet, but there is a mutual disappointment—with us in the ship a very agreeable one, with those in the forts very disagreeable.

Nine o’clock at Night—The sky is all clearing off. The sea continues wonderfully calm to the astonishment of all old sailors in the fleet. The moon again appears in all her silvery beauty, and smiles down on the scene.

Thursday morning, 29^th—Another splendid day before us. It is the day that decides the battle and gives us the victory. Precisely at the hour appointed, the firing again commenced. Secession troops had been landed at the forts during the night, brought down the Sound, and the guns were worked with new ardor and skill. The firing on the part of the fleet was now at still better range, and the first morning gun of the Susquehanna told with a fearful effect. The shells continued exploding over, around and directly in the forts, with a fearful havoc. The inner fort—fort Clark—appeared to have been silenced, as the flag had disappeared. Our troops on shore were again moving toward it at double-quick. The guns from the outer Fort Hatteras grew faint and fewer. The whole squadron were now firing at once. The Monticello, with great courage, advanced far beyond any other ship, and poured her fire directly into the battery. One of her boats was knocked from the davits, and the ship was hit in two places. She reports the results of her observations to the flag ship, and the shells now exploded more rapidly than ever directly within Fort Hatteras. Fort Clark was silenced. Our troops continued to advance along the shore, and the American flag was soon waving from the parapets of Fort Clark. Fort Hatteras continued to reply to our fire, but at slow intervals, and without effect. The Harriet Lane approached still nearer, and discharged one of her large guns, with destructive results. The Susquehanna then plunged a large shell directly into the spot where the disunion magazine was found to be, and in a few moments a white flag appeared on Fort Hatteras, and it was surrendered.

The Union men were now seen advancing along from Fort Clark, and forming into line, with the old Stars and Stripes just in front of the fallen “secession flag.” The victory was won.

WEDNESDAY
SEPTEMBER 4, 1861
THE NORWICH (CT) MORNING BULLETIN

FROM WASHINGTON

New York, Sept. 3—The following has been addressed by the Secretary of the Navy to Commodore Stringham:

NAVY DEPARTMENT, Sept. 2

Sir: The Department congratulates you and those of your command, and also the officers and soldiers of the army who cooperated with you, on the reduction of Forts Hatteras and Clark and the capture of the forces employed in their defence

The successful result thus far of an expedition projected with the utmost care, and the occupation of positions commanding the most important inlet on the coast of North Carolina, will be attended with consequences that can scarcely be over-estimated. This brilliant achievement, accomplished without the loss of a single man on your part, or injury to any one in the federal service, has carried joy and gladness to the bosom of every friend of the Union. It is but the beginning of results, that will soon be effectual in suppressing the insurrection; and confirm more strongly than ever the integrity of the Union.

Convey to the officers and men of the expedition the thanks of this Department for their gallant conduct, and the assurance that is afforded, that in the great emergency now upon us, that the country may rely, as of old, upon the vigor, courage and enthusiasm of its brave officers and sailors.

I am your obedient servant,

GIDEON WELLES

Flag officer S. H. Stringham, commanding Atlantic blockading squadron ⁴

REPORTED DEATH OF JEFF. DAVIS

New York, Sept. 3—The Herald’s Washington correspondent says that a dispatch from Richmond, via Louisville, announces the death of Jeff. Davis.

Washington, Sept. 3—Reports are prevalent here of the death of Jeff. Davis, but the reporter of the Associated Press is unable to obtain any reliable confirmation.

Louisville, Sept. 3—The rumored death of Jeff. Davis is generally discredited here.

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The Army of the Mississippi—A correspondent of the Missouri Democrat, who seems well posted in the affairs of the camp and field, in a letter from Ironton, dated on the 26^th ult., says:

“War programmes are seldom made known, but the fact can now be no longer smothered, that the grand army of the Mississippi is soon to move forward. A simultaneous movement by Generals Prentiss, Sigel and Grant is about to be made. The grand army that has been pouring into the Mississippi Valley for weeks past is soon to show the rebels for what purpose they come. Under such leaders as they now have, the troops of the West will allow no historian the privilege of recording another disgraceful defeat. The above named Generals all expressed themselves eager to go to Washington at the time the city was so strongly menaced. They have not changed their mind in regard to going to Washington, but they now propose to go via New Orleans.”

Worthy of Imitation—The Emperor Napoleon having determined to capture Sebastopol, ³ sent thither, within two years, 309,286 French soldiers, with 41,974 horses; 1676 guns of all calibres; 8,800,000 pounds of powder; 14,000 tons of engineer materials; 500,000 tons measurement of subsistence, fuel and forage; with ample supplies of clothing, &c. If France could make these gigantic preparations for her quota of the besieging forces for the conquest of a fortress, what should our government do when the existence of the Union is at stake?

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THE WAR FOR THE UNION

The World correspondent says: “The brilliant affair at Cape Hatteras is but the forerunner of good things. It will be followed up by another of greater importance in the progress of the war. I am not permitted to give details, but many say that a blow is to be struck at a quarter where the rebels are even more sensitive. Indeed, numerous actions will follow, and you need not be surprised some fine morning to hear that Pensacola has been retaken by the United States forces.”

The Tribune’s Washington dispatch says: “Major Minturn, of the New York 37^th, while doing a little amateur scouting Sunday, saw a General Officer, surrounded by a large staff, reconnoitering from Munson’s Hill. Driven by an unamiable firing of bullets, from the road into a cornfield, Major Minturn retaliated by a rifle shot aiming at the wearer of the cocked hat, who instantly fell from his saddle. He was immediately picked up and carried into a school-house. Fifteen minutes afterwards some of the party struck the secession flag, as a token of grief—Major Minturn had killed their general.”

A correspondent of the N.Y. Times writes from Missouri: “It cannot be denied that the result of the battle at Springfield, and the withdrawal of our forces from the Southwest, have had a blighting effect upon the Union  cause in Missouri. It will now require twenty-five thousand more men to redeem the State than it would have done three weeks ago. I speak that which I know when I say that hundreds, not to say thousands, are now flocking around the rebel standard, and will fight with all the zeal of religious fanatics, and that, too, without asking or expecting a dollar of remuneration. The rebels now subsist chiefly on green corn, but they will tell that Marion lived on potatoes and roots. Of course I have an abiding faith in the ultimate success of the Union cause; but Gen. Fremont, especially, has just now a larger contract in hand than is generally supposed. The government cannot afford to lose or  even draw another battle in Missouri.”

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Several of the Cape Ann fishing vessels are armed with rifled cannon. Privateers will meet with a warm reception if they venture to attack them.

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Refused to Take Oath—Several of the inspectors, recently removed by Collector Barney, applied for their pay yesterday, and refused to take the oath of allegiance. Removed, of course. –N.Y. Sun, 3d.

THURSDAY
SEPTEMBER 5, 1861
THE NEW HAMPSHIRE SENTINEL

THE SPRINGFIELD ARMORY—NEW SHOPS TO BE BUILT

Springfield Republican, Aug. 12--The production of rifles at the United States Armory in this city continues to rapidly increase under the zealous efforts of the new Superintendent, Mr. Dwight; and it has become the chief reliance of the Government for small arms in the present emergency. About 700 workmen are now employed in the establishment, and about 200 arms are made each day. At the “Water Shops” building, the work continues night and day, and gas is soon to be introduced into that shop through pipes now being laid through Central street. Upon the Hill, a steam engine and shafting are to be placed in the large middle arsenal building on State street, and the old arsenal building next west is also being prepared for workmen, with the purpose of transferring to these two buildings the whole stocking department of the Armory. Night work is also to be immediately commenced in the shops here on all the important departments and within a month the number of workmen will probably be increased to over 1,000, and the production of arms to 300 per day, or 7,500 per month. If it is possible to procure additional machinery for the stocking of guns, this production can and will be still further increased by November to 500 a day, or 15,500 a month. If this can be done, the independence of the Government, alike of additional public armories and of private contractors, will be largely illustrated. The rifles, or rifle muskets, more properly, are dispatched to the seat of war as fast as produced. All the accumulated production of the Armory, amounting last April to 140,000 muskets, including old and new models, has for some time been exhausted by the great demand for the armies of the Republic.

The New Armory Shops will probably consist of a series of four brick buildings, each 500 fee long, running north and south, fifty feet apart, upon the eastern square named, and connected at right angles through he centre with a fifth building, 150 feet long. The main or front shop will be three stories high, and possess, probably, some worthy architectural character. The three parallel buildings will be each one story, the first of them being occupied for the steam engines and boilers and for storing coal, the second as a forging shop, and the third for proving and other special purposes. The buildings connecting the series at right angles will be of three stories, and with the front building will be occupied for the various lighter details of the business. The plan also contemplates a new office building and store house, to be located north of the work shops, on a range with the superintendent's house and the present residence of the clerks.

SQUELCHING TREASON AT THE NORTH

Treason at the North has already felt the hand of government in the suppressing of newspapers that were aiding and comforting the enemy, and in the arrest of noisy secession brawlers, some of whom are now in Fort Lafayette. As Mr. Holt says in his Boston speech, the greatest obstacle to a successful prosecution of the war, is the disloyalty in our midst, and well does he liken them to men, who, on board a sinking ship, which a gallant crew are endeavoring to save, are constantly boring holes in her bottom. Since the Battle of Bull

Run, these Northern traitors have been noisy and bold; but since the government has exhibited a disposition to squelch them, they are more quiet. Secession newspapers are more cautious since their New York allies have felt loyal power. In New York the feeling against Ben Wood’s Daily News has been so great, that his brother, the infamous Fernando, has been compelled to come out with a card, denying that he has any connection with it, and declaring that he is in favor of vigorously and uncompromisingly prosecuting the war!

Manufacturing in Keene—As an evidence that business is not all dead in Keene, these hard times, that this proverbially quiet village is actually alive and moving, we might mention that while the machinery run by water power here still keeps up its clatter, the steam whistles continue to announce the hours of labor and refreshment. The steam mill of Messrs. Chase & Fairbanks is nearly filled with machinery, and their sixty horsepower engine will soon be taxed to its full capacity. These enterprising gentlemen have added to their sawing of lumber, &c., the manufacturing of pails, some four hundred of which whey are turning ff daily, to be increased by additional help to 500 daily. Mr. Chadbourne, who occupies a part of the mill, keeps the business of making saw-frames fully up to the gauge of prosperous times. Perhaps the most noticeable feature in this steam mill, is the shoe-peg factory of L. Nims & Co. They are now turning off about 100 bushels a day, ad will soon be able to increase this daily amount to 150, or to 900 bushels a week. They will soon have in operation seven pointing ad four splitting machines. These pegs are put up in barrels, made in then mill, each holding about four bushels. In this form they are shipped to New York and other cities, whence they find their way to various parts of Europe. One hand, constantly employed, makes all the barrels, twenty-five or thirty a day.

Messrs. Chase & Fairbanks are erecting a new building of brick, one hundred by fifty feet, which they have rented to some of our enterprising mechanics in advance. Thus manufacturing here progresses amid the din of war and the lull in many branches of industry.

New Mexico—The U.S. Regular troops, 750 in number, have surrendered to 3000 Texan Rangers, 18 miles from Fort Fillmore. They were soon after released on parole, the Texans retaining their arms and the horses belonging to the companies of mounted rifles. Gen. Wm. Pelham, formerly surveyor general of New Mexico, and Col. Clements were arrested at Santa Fe and confined in the guard house by order of Col. Canby, federal commander of the department of New Mexico. They were suspected of giving improper information to the Texan troops below El Paso. Clements took the oath of allegiance and was discharged. Pelham refused to take the oath and is still in the guard house. The delegate to Congress, Mr. Otero, has been appointed Colonel of a regiment of New Mexican volunteers. Col. Canby has, by proclamation, suspended the writ of habeas corpus in New Mexico. Fort Stanton has been abandoned by the U.S. Forces, and fired by order of Col. Canby.

FRIDAY
SEPTEMBER 6, 1861
THE NEW HAMPSHIRE SENTINEL

THE REPORTED RECOGNITION OF THE SOUTHERN CONFEDERACY BY  ENGLAND DENIED!

Washington, Aug. 29—The statement that news had been received here indicating the speedy and certain recognition of the Confederates by England is unfounded. On the contrary, the indications are that all the European Governments intend to continue to respect the blockade and await the result of the contest.

The Sumter Again—A letter from Port of Spain, Trinidad, dated on the 31^st July, states that the Sumter had been there the day previously, and had come to anchor and taken a supply of  coal on board—the law officers of the country having declared that the neutral position of England between the belligerents  did not include the Sumter, or vessels of her character belonging the Confederate States in the prohibitory list. On July 31^st, Capt. Semmes called the prisoners he had on board, and set them on shore, saying he had brought them there for the reason that, it being a mail station, he could easier leave them there; and moreover he could learn at Port of Spain whether any severities had been practiced against prisoners taken by the United States forces, in which case it would have been his painful duty to retaliate by hanging every one of his prisoners to the yard-arm. He further cautioned them against telling “any Black Republican lies” when they get ashore.

Rebel Loss at Bull Run—Quartermaster Sergeant Jencks of the second Rhode Island regiment, who was a prisoner at Richmond, and made his escape, as before mentioned, states that he saw the official reports of thirty-six regiments, (which was less than one-half of the entire force engaged at the Bull Run battle,) in which the killed and missing were announced to be FIVE THOUSAND. This does not include the wounded.

The Alabama seventh and the Georgia fourth regiments, which opposed Col. Hunter’s division, in which were our Rhode Island regiments, brought away 780 men only out of 2300, with which they commenced the battle.

Mr. Jencks says there was much inquiry among the rebel troops in relation to the blue-shirt boys who served the second battery that caused so much carnage in the Alabama and Georgia regiments.

One amusing incident is related by Mr. Jencks. Considerable dispute had arisen between the rebel officers as to which regiment captured Sherman’s battery. Two duels were fought to settle the point while he was at Richmond, and when he arrived at Washington he learned the fact that Sherman’s Battery was not captured at all.–Providence Press, 29^th.

The statue of Ethan Allen, by Mead, the young Vermont sculptor, has been finished at his studio in Brattleboro, and is ready to be forwarded to Montpelier, where it will be placed in the portico of the State House. It will be inaugurated on the 8^th of October, at the opening of the next session of the Legislature, Hon. Fred Woodbridge of Vergennes, delivering the oration. The marble for the statue weighed in the rough state fourteen tons. The statue completed is eight and one half feet in height, and weighs about four tons.

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Rifled cannon of steel are now manufactured in England at the following rates: A 200-pounder, $2000; as 12-pounder, $150.

SEIZURE OF REBEL PROPERTY

The barque Sumter, 381 tons, and barque Moneynick, 308 tons, were seized in Boston, Monday, under the confiscation act, by the United States authorities. Both vessels are partly owned in Charleston, S. C. The Sumter cleared at the Custom House on Saturday for Valparaiso.

New York, Sep. 2—Yesterday Surveyor Andrews seized twenty-five vessels, owned wholly or in part by rebels, including eight ships and seven barques. The value of the vessels seized is over two millions.

How to Choose a Farm Horse—John Branson, in the Ohio Cultivator, gives the following rules to be observed in the purchase of a horse:

The farmer requires a horse that can take him to market and around his farm, on which he can occasionally ride for pleasure and which he must sometimes use for the plow and harrow.

First to notice is the eyes, which should be well examined. Clearness of the eyes is a sure indication of goodness; but this is not all—the eyelids, eyebrows, and all other appendages must also be considered—for many horses whose eyes appear clear and brilliant, go blind at an early age; therefore be careful to observe whether the part between the eyelids and eyebrows are swollen, for this indicates that the eyes will not last. When the eyes are remarkably flat, sunk within their orbits, it is a bad sign. The iris or circle that surrounds the sight of the eye should be distinct, and of a pale, variegated, cinnamon color, for this is a sure sign of a good eye. The eyes of a horse are never too large.

The head should be of good size, broad between the eyes, large nostrils, red within, for large nostrils betoken good wind.

The feet and legs should be regarded, for a horse with bad feet is like a house with a weak foundation, and will do little service. The feet should be of middle size and smooth; the heels should be firm, and not spongy and rotten.

The limbs should be free from blemishes of all kinds, the knees straight, the back sinews strong and well braced, the pastern joints should be clean and clear of swellings of all kinds, and come near the ground, for such never have the ring-bone. Fleshy-legged horses are generally subject to the grease and other infirmities of that kind, and therefore should not be chosen.

The body should be of good size, the back straight or nearly so, and have only a small sinking below the withers; the barrel round and the ribs coming close to the hip joints. Shoulders should run back but not to heavy, for a horse with heavy shoulders seldom moves well; chest and arms large.

A horse weighing from 1,300 to 1,400 is large enough for a cart horse; from 1,100 to 1,200 is large enough for a farmer’s horse; from 1,000 to 1,100 is heavy enough for a carriage horse.

I should advise every one to get some experimental knowledge of a horse before purchasing.

SATURDAY
 SEPTEMBER 7, 1861
THE PORTLAND (ME) DAILY ADVERTISER

LOSS OF THE PRIVATEER JEFF. DAVIS

Our merchants and shipowners need have no more anxiety as respects this depredator upon our commerce. She is lost, and will never more do mischief. We find in the Louisville Courier the following account of her wreck, copied from the Charleston Mercury of the 20^th ult.

“Capt. Coxetter made sail from the Florida Coast. On Friday evening, the 15^th inst., he was off St. Augustine, but the wind having increased to hail a gale, he could not venture in. He remained outside the bar the whole of Saturday without observing any of Lincoln’s fleet. On Sunday morning, at half-past six, while trying to cross the bar, the Jeff Davis struck, ⁵ and though every possible  exertion was made to relieve her by throwing the heavy guns overboard, yet the noble vessel, after her perilous voyage, and the running of innumerable blockades, became a total wreck. All the small arms and clothing of the crew, with many valuable sundries, were, however, saved.

“On the arrival of the brave but unfortunate crew in St. Augustine, they were received with a kindness they can never forget. The town bells rang out am joyous peal of welcome, and the people vied with each other in their courtesies to the ship-wrecked ones. Thanks to the noble hospitality of the Floridians, the men soon recovered from their fatigue. They were expected to arrive in Charleston on Wednesday next. The name of the privateer Jeff Davis had become a terror to the Yankees. The number of her prizes and the amount of merchandise which she captured, have no parallel since the days of the Saucy Jack.”

FROM FORTRESS MONROE

Fortress Monroe, Sept. 5^th—The Monticello and Harriet Lane arrived from Hatteras Inlet this morning, and reported most satisfying intelligence. The rebels have abandoned their strongly fortified forts at Ocracoke Inlet.

Multitudes of North Carolinians have demonstrated their loyalty to the government by coming to Hatteras Inlet and taking the oath of allegiance.

Col. Hawkins sends word that he had administered to oath to between two and three hundred persons in a single day.

The Pawnee still lies in the Inlet, and the Susquehanna outside. The Susquehanna ran down to Ocracoke Inlet and found the fortifications there completely deserted. The rebels had carried away the guns, and a white flag was everywhere exhibited.

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Another Traitor Bagged—Robert Elliott, of Freedom, was arrested by U.S. Marshal Clark on Thursday, by orders from Secretary Cameron. He was brought to this city yesterday noon on the Kennebec train, and immediately handed over to Mr. John S. Heald, one of our City Deputy Marshals, who went with him by the Boston train, and by the time this paragraph is made public, Mr. Elliott will be furnished with quarters at Fort Lafayette, New York. “Bob Elliott,” as he us called in his own locality, was instrumental in raising and arming a company of men, with the intention of resisting the war taxes and draft, on account of which we have before published. Bob was also the Copperhead candidate for Senator in Waldo County, and formerly a Counsellor.

VARIOUS MATTERS

Philadelphia, Sept. 6—The Enquirer has a special dispatch stating that reliable information of the death of Jeff. Davis by the Government has been received. He dies on Tuesday.

New York, Aug. 6—At the trot, yesterday, Ethan Allen beat Flora Temple in 4 straight heats. Subsequently Flora Temple was seized as property of a Baltimore secessionist.

Since the capture of Hatteras, regiments from North and South Carolina, Georgia, and Alabama, have been stopped on their way to Virginia, and sent to Newbern.

Mr. Hamilton, a Canadian, some time ago proffered to the Government a brigade of 5000 colored persons from Canada.

The British consul at Charleston writes to friends in Washington that the effect of the blockade increases in severity every week and that the Southern people bitterly lament their destitute condition.

The District Attorney yesterday sent notices to prominent houses engaged in the Southern trade, to furnish him a statement of all the balances due secessionists, that the same may be proceeded against by the Government.

A Rio letter of July 25^th, states that the ship Maid of the Sea, of Boston, Capt. Stanwood, was in port with the rebel flag flying. The letter asks, “Has Boston seceded?”

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Published lists show that our naval forces have capture 80 vessels, while attempting to run the blockade.

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Revenue Cutter Caleb Cushing⁶—This vessel, which has been absent for the past two months, returned to our harbor on Thursday afternoon. Since her absence, the vessel has been thoroughly overhauled, altered and repaired, and now carries, for a vessel of her class, a most formidable armament. Her crew has also been increased to fifty men. Capt. John A. Webster, her commander, is well known to our people, having some years ago been connected with the Caleb Cushing as 1^st Lieut. His many friends in Portland will be glad to greet him again. We are glad to notice, too, that Lieut. C. A. Richardson is still attached to the vessel.

¹ A proclamation by a Russian emperor or government having the force of law.

² This is the original sense of the word, meaning “awe-full;” today we would say “awe inspiring.”

³ Again, not Napoleon Bonaparte, but the later French Emperor who, with the British and Turks, fought the Russians in the Crimean War, 1853-56. The siege of Sebastopol began in September of 1854 and ended in the same month in 1855.

⁴ Letter writing protocol of the time places the senders signature immediately after the closing salutation, just as we do today; however, the name and title of the addressee appears after that (where we would place “P.S.” or “cc/.” This letter is therefore from Secretary of the Navy Welles to Flag Officer Stringham.

5 Meaning the Jeff Davis struck the sand bar at the mouth of the harbor, not that she attacked Coxetter’s ship.

6 The Revenue Service is the original name for the modern U.S. Coast Guard. Use of the term “coast guard” in period reports does not refer to the USCG, but simply to vessels guarding the coast. The Caleb Cushing, as a number of other vessels, however, are part of the Revenue Service.