SUNDAY
OCTOBER 12, 1862
THE TIMES PICAYUNE (LA)

THE CITY.

Hints About Children.—The moral teachings should commence with the earliest infancy; the physical as soon as there is bodily locomotion; the mental, meaning thereby the literary, not earlier than the completion of the sixth year, not even to the extent of learning the alphabet or repeating by “rote”--mere mechanical memorizing. This brain education is specially advised in reference only to children whose situation in life allows them to study until they are twenty-one. The children of the poor—those who must go to work and earn something—can with safety begin at the age of three or four years for three reasons: They are out in the open air nearly all the time during daylight, their food is plain and not overabundant. The early necessity that they should do something for a living does not allow time for special brain disturbance; and any slight tendencies in that direction would be counteracted and repaired by the constant muscular activities necessary to their condition. But those children who will have nothing to do but “get their education” up to the day of entering their twenty-first year ought to do nothing for the first third of that period but to eat and sleep and play out of doors from morning until night all the year round, except when rain, sleet or snow are falling. It is the exercise daily, “regardless of the weather,” which works so many almost-miracles in the renovation of human health. The vanity of parents is fed by the “smartness of their children;” but early ripe, early ruined may be said  of all precocities. If not actually ruined there is almost in all cases a sudden “giving out” of the mental powers, and the prodigy of yesterday is the mediocre of to-day and the non compos mentis of to-morrow.¹—Hall’s Journal of Health.

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Curious Story.—A correspondent of the Birmingham Post, in speaking of the traditions of the Bank of England, relates the following incident which happened many years ago: The directors received an anonymous letter, stating that the writer had the means of access to their bullion room. They treated the matter as a hoax, and took no notice of the letter. Anotehr more urgent and specific letter failed to arouse them. At length the writer offered to meet them in the bullion room at any hour they pleased to name. They then communicated with their correspondent through the channel he had named, appointing some “dark and midnight hour” for the rendezvous. A deputation from the board, lantern in hand, repaired to the bullion room, locked themselves in, and awaited the arrival of the mysterious correspondent. Punctual to the hour a noise was heard below. Some boards in the floor were without much trouble displaced, and in a few minutes the Guy Fawkes of the bank stood in the midst of the astonished directors! His story was very simple and straightforward. An old drain ran under the bullion room, the existence of which had become known to him, and by means of which he might have carried away enormous sums. Inquiry was made. Nothing had been abstracted, and the directors rewarded the honesty and ingenuity of their anonymous correspondent—a working man, who had been employed in repairing the sewers—by a present of £800.

Earthquake at Formosa.—The China Overland Trade Report has the following particulars of an earthquake which occurred about half past 9 p.m. on the 5th of June last, at the south end of the Island of Formosa, and was so severe as to be felt both at Amoy and Shanghai:

The schooner Wild Wave was lying at anchor at the hour and date above named, outside the harbor of Takow under Ape’s Hill, at the southwest point of Formosa. Suddenly the schooner became much agitated, her anchor and chain indicating an appearance similar to what would be caused by the former dragging over a rocky bottom. There were two separate and distinct shocks, the latter being by far the more severe.

Upon inquiries being made on shore, it turned out as anticipated, that two severe shocks of an earthquake had been experienced. Fortunately the first shock did not inflict much damage, and serving as a warning, tended materially to lighten the catastrophe which followed. Thus a Spanish padre who keeps a school near the Takow anchorage, ran out into the open air upon feeling the first shock, escaping the consequences of the second, which caused the walls to fall out and the roof to descend with a crash.

In the city of Taiwanfoo, which is about thirty miles from Takow, the fall of houses from the second crash was so sudden and extensive that four hundred people were killed in an instant of time.

The shocks were severely felt in the harbor of Takow. The receiving ships and other vessels were tossed about with the utmost violence, and we hear did each other damage by fouling. The water rose considerably by a majestic wave rolling in like an avalanche from the sea. The wharves, &c., were much damaged, but there was no loss sustained, either to life or property.

Some of the oldest inhabitants state that about fifteen years since, a similar catastrophe occurred. On that occasion, however, the water left the bay of Takow quite dry, returning by one mighty effort of the sea.

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A deposit of gypsum, 150 acres in extent, and equal to the best Nova Scotia, has been discovered within sixty rods of Tawas bay, Saginaw county, Michigan. It is pure white plaster, and the bed has been bored into 15 or 20 feet without going through. It can be mined for 50 cents a ton. This discovery is of great importance and value, being in close proximity to the route which all Western bound vessels take.

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United States Regular Army.—The Boston Journal says the regular army now numbers 40,000 men, and when all the new regiments are filled there will be nearly 45,000 regulars in the service. Of these, nearly 25,000 will be infantry and the remainder artillery and cavalry. One artillery and one cavalry regiment are in course of organization.

MONDAY
OCTOBER 13, 1862
THE MACON DAILY TELEGRAPH (GA)

The Confederate Flag.

Congress has at last adopted a design for the National Flag. Its peculiarity consists in a circle of white links in a blue ground. The links are themselves circles, and interlocked so as to form a large circle. Their number is equal to that of the States. Each link being in itself complete, is symbolic of State sovereignty, while their Union represents the Confederation.—Savannah Republican.

It is impossible to please everybody with any kind of a Flag and we will claim the privilege of being dissatisfied with this one. The device would suit some benevolent association very well, and indeed was probably suggested by some of the insignia of the Odd-Fellows; but it is wholly un befitting a National Ensign. In point of significance it is neither very clear nor forcible. A chain of any kind of links is not a good emblem of republican freedom; and although each link is perfect as a symbol of “State sovereignty,” observe that they can’t be parted except you break them. Wherein, then, is the right of secession indicated by such a chain? On the contrary, does it not clearly symbolize the very doctrine of our enemies that the States cannot resume their isolated and independent condition without violence? Most clearly it does. The Stars on the Federal Flag are the representatives of our doctrine, while this chain of links interlocked seems to us (if we understand the description of it,) a correct symbol of the Federal idea of an inseparable Union. Lastly, the Flag has no beauty or gorgeousness. Its plain blue and white reminds one of an old-fashioned Bandana handkerchief. It is poor as skimmed milk and cold as a snow bank. We should look for such a Flag in Iceland or the North Sea, but in the bright and glowing regions of the South, never. Is it not wonderful that the genius of the South cannot, in two years, elaborate a pleasing and appropriate Flag? This one will never stand long, although Congress has adopted it.

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In a private letter from Gen. H. Colquitt, we find the following facts in regard to the death of Col. Newton, Major Tracy, Capt. Plane and Adjt. Bob Jordan:

“The battle of Sharpsburg was the severest of the war; beginning early in the day and closing at dusk. Frequently it looked as if every thing was lost, when on some movement the scales would be turned and every thing would be carried before us, until checked by the overwhelming force of the enemy. On the ensuing day we remained upon the battle ground, expecting the enemy to renew the attack, but he was too much battered to open again, and at night we re-crossed the Potomac at Shepherdstown. My Brigade fought early in the day, and upon advanced ground which was subsequently occupied by the enemy. We had no opportunity of burying our dead, as we could not pass in the picket lines of the enemy. During a brief respite for burying the dead between the picket lines, I made enquiries of the Yankees about our dead within their lines. They described Capt. Plane and Major Tracy, with sufficient distinctness to satisfy me they were killed, and had been buried. The body of Lt. Col. Newton, I recovered by special request, as it was unburied.

In addition to the above, I have to record the death of my Adjutant, Bob Jordan. He was with me and Gen. Evans upon the summit of a hill overlooking the troops fighting just beyond us. Gen. Evans asked him if he would not rally our troops in the valley, who were giving way. He responded cheerily that he would, and sticking spurs to his horse, galloped to the front about one hundred yards or more, communicated with the officers, and as he galloped off, looking back, he was shot through the eye and fell from his horse. I had his body taken up and buried. I deplore his death. He was a noble and gallant fellow. I can’t fill his place.”

Cold Weather Coming.—The Mobile Register learns that there are unmistakable natural signs of an early winter impending, if not also a severe one. The Mobile sportsmen find that robins are already migrating from the North, as well as blue jays, which are not generally seen in that latitude [until] the 1st of November. Besides them, the snipe and other birds are already donning their winter plumage, which does not generally appear until that date. These indications are regarded as unerring, for nature never mistakes in such matters.

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HARRY MACARTHY.

This talented gentleman made his fifth appearance in Macon last evening assisted by Miss Lottie Estelle, and as usual delighted their audience. Those who have not attended his concerts are missing a rich treat. That beautiful, soul-stirring national song of the South, “The Bonnie Blue Flag,” will be sung with a variety of comic songs, and performances to make you merry.

Mr. Macarthy is an excellent performer and a most generous man, and is well deserving of public patronage.

Go by all means to-night and give him a bumper.

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FROM OUR ARMY.

We have nothing new to record with reference to our army on the border and its operations. Reports yesterday seem to confirm the statement that there is no considerable body of the enemy on the South side of the Potomac.

Our pickets have been advanced to Halltown within four miles of Harper’s Ferry, and on Saturday evening everything was quiet. No battle was immediately anticipated. The condition of the army is good, and recruits of stragglers and conscripts still continue to arrive.—Richmond Dispatch, 7th.

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Advertisements

$30 REWARD

A Reward of Thirty Dollar will be paid for the apprehension and delivery to the undersigned at Macon, of Private Michael Heath, a deserter from Company E, 59th Reg’t, State Vol. Said Heath is about twenty two years of age, fair complexion, light hair, about five feet in height, and is said to be in Rutland District, in Bibb county, Ga.

Geo. R. Hunter
Lieut. Col and Command’t of Post.

CARPENTERS WANTED.

15 Carpenters—white or Negro—can find employment and good wages at the C. S. Armory, Macon, if application be made immediately. Apply to Mr. J. Fusa, Master Builder on the premises.

Jas. H. Burton, Sup’t.

RUN THE BLOCKADE.

Just received a handsome lot of English Prints, Mourning Prints, Hosiery, Alpacas, Cambric Handkerchiefs, English Long Clothes, Welch Flannels, Bleached Shirting and Sheetings, Spool Thread and Needles, English Pins, &c., &c. Also on hand, Brown Shirting and Sheeting, Table Linen, Towelling, &c., Cotton Woolsy and Osnaburg, all of which will be sold at a small advance for cash only.

G. W. Price.

TUESDAY
OCTOBER 14, 1862
LOWELL DAILY CITIZEN & NEWS (MA)

Dr. Livingston Attacked by the Natives of Africa.—Rev. William Monk, of Cambridge, England, has received an interesting letter from Dr. Livingston, giving an account of his first hostile encounter with the natives of Africa:

A tribe called Ajawa had been employed to attack the Manganja villages, kill the men, and sell the women and children to the Portuguese for a mere trifle in calico. You cannot well conceive the state of disunion among the Manganja; the destruction of village after village produced an effort at union against the common foe. A message was only sent down to Chibisa, as he is believed to possess a medicine capable of ensuring victory. The paramount chief, instead of aiding his subjects, kindly helped the slave hunters over the shire. We found that the whole nation were fleeing, and hoping to stop the effusion of blood, went to hold a parley with the Ajawa. Unfortunately we came to them when in the act of burning three villages. The bishop (Mackenzie) offered up a fervent prayer, and with the accents of that prayer we could distinctly hear the wail for the dead and the shrill scream for victory. As we advanced to their villages our assurances that we came peaceably were nullified by some Manganja followers calling out, :Our Chibisa has come,” and very unfortunately, although I heard it distinctly, it did not strike the mind until afterwards that we were thereby deprived of the protection of our English name. They attacked us on all sides with poisoned arrows and four muskets, and I feel very sure that the latter were handled by Portuguese slaves. They certainly had the dress common among slaves at Tette, and there was a square house, such as slaves often build near the Ajawa villages.

We retired slowly from the village, but this only made them bolder; they came within fifty yards of us, and it was only by recourse to our fire-arms that we avoided all becoming food for vultures. I am sorry that it was necessary, for it was the first hostile encounter I have had in Africa. Had I anticipated such an attack I should have used fair words and presents first. We are, however, in the slave market. We were twice robbed in the sphere of an Arab show and slaving operation, about half-way up Lake Nyasas—the first loss by robbers I have sustained on the continent. Slavery is the parent of every other vice. Life is no value in the trader’s eye. We had ammunition with us but barely sufficient to drive them off, their attack was so unexpected.

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Gov. Tod of Ohio, always a straight democrat till the war broke out, made a speech at Columbus on Monday evening, in which he said of the president’s proclamation: “I heartily endorse every word of it. It was well-timed for Ohio. The border was threatened. I prefer to have rebel firesides threatened than to have ours invaded. So long as slaves are allowed to remain at home, so long will rebellion last. Do you question its wisdom? Was not ninety days long enough to the rebel master to make up his mind to  lay down his arms or lose his slaves? The blood of Ohio has been shed like water. It must be atoned for in the death of the leaders of this rebellion!”

War News of To-Day.—By a Harrisburg dispatch dated yesterday afternoon, it appears that a portion of Stuart’s rebel cavalry have been driven back to the foot of South Mountain at Cashtown, Pa., where it is hoped they may be cut off. The information is from Col. McClure, at Chambersburg, who says:

A messenger has just arrived at my camp at Steven’s Furnace, with information that rebel cavalry were at Cashtown, at the foot of South Mountain, in Adams county, this morning, in considerable force. They have been driven back from the Potomac, and are trying to escape. Every effort is being made to cut them off here and at Mercersburg, but they have a man named Logan, from Franklin county, who is a superior guide, and they may escape. All our citizens have arms, and will join the troops in cutting the rebels off.

Later.—Another dispatch just received, says that the rebels are at Cashtown, Adams county, and may attempt to pass by the mountain road south, perhaps by the Shippensburg road, or maybe by the Greencastle road.

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Explosion and Loss of Life.—This morning, at about nine o’clock, a serious accident occurred at the state almshouse in Tewksbury, by the explosion of the steam-boiler. The boiler was in a small brick house, adjoining the main building, and was used for heating as well as for culinary purposes. When the explosion took place, the boiler-building was tumbled into a mass of ruins. A gentleman from Tewksbury, who chanced to be opposite the establishment at the moment of the explosion, informs us that the report was not very loud, but the wreck of the boiler-house was complete. One informant spent three-quarters of an hour on the premises, and assisted in taking from the ruins the dead body of one woman and that of another nearly dead. He states that the engineer had not been found, but his assistant was so badly injured as to be speechless. He was under the physician’s care. Drs. Kimball, Huntington and other physicians of this city were sent for and immediately repaired to the scene of the disaster.

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Luxuries in Camp.—A letter from a soldiers at Newbern, N. C., says: “White grapes are very abundant in this market, and sell for fifty cents a peck; they are very nice. Sweet potatoes and oysters are coming in by the boat load, the former at $1 and the latter at 75 cts. per bushel. I think we shall manage to live.”

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At the present time there are about twenty political prisoners at Fort Warren, the most prominent of whom are Mayor Brown and Marshal Kane of Baltimore. They are all on parole and have the liberty of the fort and the island.

WEDNESDAY
OCTOBER 15, 1862
THE CONSTITUTION (CT)

GENERAL McCLELLAN’S ORDER.

General McClellan has issued an important order to the army under his command. In view of the difference of opinion which may be supposed to exist with regard to the President’s proclamation, the General has thought fit to remind officers and men, that it is the duty of the army to submit implicitly and without cavilling to the orders of the Commander in Chief. He says: “The Constitution confides to the civil authorities legislative, judicial and executive, the power and duty of making, expounding and enforcing the federal laws. Armed forces are raised and supported simply to sustain the civil authorities, and are to be held in strict subordination thereto in all respects.” This is correct doctrine, and must meet the approbation of military men every where. The military is subordinate to the civil power. It is the President’s duty to enforce the laws, and when ordinary means are insufficient for this purpose, the President calls in the aid of the military forces. It is his duty to declare what plans or policy will be pursued. It is the soldier’s duty to obey orders.

This from General McClellan will set at rest some doubts which may have been harbored whether the policy of the Government will be fully enforced by our military leaders. On this subject there is no longer any ground for apprehension. It is well understood that Gen. Halleck agrees perfectly with the sentiments of Gen. McClellan’s order. In the best informed circles the opinion is unhesitatingly expressed that the army will give a united and vigorous support to the policy of the President.

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A Rebel Ruse: Female Decoys, Bolivar Heights, Oct. 5th, 1862.—Of late the rebel residents in this vicinity have instituted a new dodge for capturing our troops. The modus operandi is novel, and under the guise of friendship.

It seems that some time during the afternoon of yesterday, a couple of young ladies approached a portion of our pickets, and after entering into conversation with them, and implying in that conversation that they were heartily Union, at the same time invited a portion of the said pickets to accompany them to their home, where they should be pleased to furnish them with eatables, in the way of bread, milk, pies, &c.

To those who had for so long been luxuriating in “Hard Tack” and “Salt Horse,” the opportunity was too good to be lost; so, some twenty or more—some from General Howard’s, and others from General Hancock’s divisions—availed themselves of the opportunity thus offered to so freely regale themselves upon these luxuries.

The house was some three-quarters of a mile from the picket station; but the boys, nothing daunted, followed the lead of their fair advanced couriers, and soon found themselves seated at a table, indulging in all the delicacies promised.

It is more than likely that at this time signals were given from this same house, for no sooner were the guests fairly under way with their eating than they discovered that the house was surrounded by Rebel cavalry and they prisoners of war, and that they were on their way further into Virginia than they had anticipated going at present. One, however, managed to escape and gave the particulars of their capture. We have failed to discover, up to this time, whether any efforts have been made to capture these fair enticers, or to confiscate the property from whence the boys were taken.—Correspondent, Philadelphia Inquirer.

FLORIDA.

Eli Thayer’s plan is to colonize Florida with free blacks, and give up that state principally to the use of the colored race in this country. Mr. Thayer is not an enthusiast or a dreamer. He did more than any other man towards colonizing Kansas with a free population. He is distinguished for his plain, practical, common sense view of things, and for remarkable energy in carrying out his designs. Florida is a state of magnificent proportions, and fully capable of sustaining a population of five millions, or more than the whole colored race on this continent. It is of remarkable fertility and has a delicious climate. There are now but a few thousand white people in Florida.

It is not doubted that a well conducted plan of colonization would induce multitudes of free Negroes to go to Florida. They would of course much prefer a southern state, with a climate to which they are accustomed rather than come north. Nothing has driven the Negro to seek a home in the northern states but slavery in the southern. Let that be removed, and those who are now at the South will prefer to remain there, and those at the North will gradually gravitate to a region more suited to their nature. It is a grand mistake to suppose that emancipation will inundate the north with Negro laborers. It will have precisely the contrary effect of gradually depriving the northern states of [their] Negro population.

The state of Florida has been left in a remarkable manner untenanted by the whites. Although in the date of its settlement it has the priority over every other section on the coast, yet its vast area still remains for the most part in its original condition. We say this is remarkable, for Florida (”Land of Flowers”) is one of the most beautiful sections of the American Union. May it not be that it has been providentially left that it may become the future home of the liberated bondsmen of the southern states?

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Wife Beating.—Martin Mahoney, an Irish man, who has for some time been employed at the McDonough House, gave  his wife a severe beating last Saturday with an axe. He was under the inspiration of bad whiskey at the time, but that was no excuse for such uncivil conduct. The woman was a good deal bruised, and some thought she would die; but she didn’t, and will soon be as well as ever. Martin was shut up in the watch house on Saturday night, and on Monday afternoon was tried before Justices Augustus Putnam and Horace Clark. Mrs. Mahoney appeared for Martin, and hoped they would not be hard on him. He was fined $5 and put under bonds of $100 to keep the peace.

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A Case of Obstinacy.—The London Times had predicted that Lee’s rebel army would overrun Maryland, take Baltimore and compel the General Government to evacuate Washington. When the news of his defeat by McClellan reached England, the Times refused to believe it, and said the whole story was “cooked up” at Washington!

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A Long Train.—Gen. Buell’s train which followed in the rear of his army on the march to Louisville, consisted of 1,800 wagons drawn by 10,000 horses. There were in addition 118 wagon loads of ammunition. The train reached a distance of twenty-five miles.

THURSDAY
OCTOBER 16, 1862
THE FARMERS’ CABINET (NH)

How Bodies are Embalmed.—Embalming, which is coming into practice of late, is thus performed: The modern embalmer finds an artery into which he can place the nozzle of an injecting syringe. The artery in the upper part of the arm called the brachial, or the artery in the neck, the carotid, answers the purpose. Into this artery the embalming fluid, consisting of alum, or corrosive sublimate, is injected, until it permeates every structure; the solution sometimes retains its fluidity, sometimes it is so constituted that while it is warm in the fluid, on cooling it sets and becomes more or less hard. After the injection of the artery is closed, the opening through the skin is neatly sewn up, and the operation is complete. Great numbers of the officers of the army who have fallen in the engagements in Virginia have been embalmed in this manner by Dr. Holmes, of Brooklyn, and sent home to their relatives.

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The Cambridge Intelligencer.—One of the largest and best local papers in Maryland—issued in the slaveholding County of Dorchester—speaks of slavery as follows:

“We have never doubted that the war which the rebels have inaugurated would prove to be the destruction of slavery. We so warned the people at the time it began, and events have already proved the truth of our prediction. It is truly on the part of the rebels, a war of freedom to the black men of the South. But this is not all. There is another sense in which this is a war of freedom. There are other men in the South to be freed than the black men. The white men of the South need the strong arm of the Government to lift the yoke from their necks. These have endured a slavery far transcending that of the blacks. The social system of the South has never been anything short of despotism—a tyranny equal to any of the age. The mind has forever been bound here. Freedom of opinion has never been tolerated below Mason and Dixon’s line. Men have not been permitted to hold, much less express, their own opinions. A man might conscientiously have believed Slavery to have been a burden upon the State, but he dare not let the public know that such were his convictions. He would at once be proscribed in his business, and happy indeed might he be, if he escaped without a coat of tar and feathers. Freedom of speech and the press was a thing unknown in the South.

Moreover, all the legislation has been in favor of one class of the community. The slaveholders, though constituting but one twenty-seventh part of our population, have ruled absolutely the commonwealth. And even slaveholders, themselves ruling, they have not permitted themselves to do as they pleased with their own property. About two years since, the legislature passed a law forbidding any one from freeing their own slaves, either by manumission during life time, or by will after their death. Here is blindness as well as tyranny. Such acts are a lasting disgrace to one manhood. They enslave the master as much as his Negro.

Let the mind be free! Let the faculties be unfettered! There can be neither prosperity or happiness where these are enslaved. It is degrading to any people. We shall never accomplish our magnificent destiny until these are free. The war is unbinding them. The true glory of the war is not that it liberates the black but the white men of the South. They are already beginning to shout for joy. And when the war closes they will join their voices in one loud hallelujah to the God of Liberty for their deliverance. We look with pride and joy to the good time coming when American freemen shall be free in deed as well as in name.”

Brave and True Words.—The Louisville Journal talks bravely and truly of the threatening aspect that affairs have recently assumed. These are a few of its aspiring word:

“The rebellion will be put down. The result is in the nature of things. It is a fixed fact. It is a moral, social, political and physical necessity. They who fight against it fight against destiny. Nothing is surer. The army in Virginia may be vanquished, Washington may fall, Kentucky may be overrun, subjugated, the North may be invaded and the independence of the rebel power may be recognized by the jealous governments of the Old World; all these events are possible, though we rejoice in the belief that most of them are barely probable, yet if all of them should really happen, together with events more calamitous and improbable than these, the nation would still live, and the rebellion would still be put down. Such might is there in the breasts of twenty millions of freemen, fired by the sacred necessity of liberty and independence.

“Twenty millions of freemen battling for the preservation of their national existence are invincible. No measures of desperation or of fortune to the leaders of the enemy, no degree of imbecility or of mischance in our own leaders, can overwhelm such a people. Reverses, sad reverse, may befall them, but their inexhaustible and glorious devotion, sustained by every principle that can awaken heroism in the heart of man, will sweep away the saddest reverses, as the sunbeams scatter the mists and shadows of the morning. They must succeed. They cannot fail. The permanent success of the rebellion is impossible. The ultimate triumph of the nation is inevitable.”

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Capture and Destruction of Four Whalers by a Confederate Steamer.—The following appears in the English papers as the report of the ship Cairngorm, arrived at a port of that country.

“Three whaleboats’ crews came alongside us at Flores from the steamer Alabama, Capt. Semmes, and wished to be reported as having their ship Ockmulgee, American whaler, hailing from Edgartown (Mass.), set on fire 5th inst., and totally burned by the Confederate steamer above mentioned. The Ockmulgee had on board 250 barrels oil. There were 34 hands all told. Capt. Semmes (late of Sumter) behaved hospitably to the crew. The Alabama has taken and burned four whalers within a short time. The Alabama took an American schooner (name unknown) whilst the Cairngorm was off Flores.”

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In the printing business in New York city are employed $8,500,000 and 6000 persons. About $5,000,000 worth of ink, paper, &c. is used, and twice as much manufactured out of it in books, papers, &c.

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True greatness consist in serving, not in being served.

FRIDAY
OCTOBER 17, 1862
THE LIBERATOR (MA)

The Rebel Congress Flutters.

In the Confederate Senate, on the 29th ult., Mr. Semmes, of Louisiana, submitted the following joint resolution:

“Resolved, by the Congress of the Confederate States, that the Proclamation of Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States of America, issued at the City of Washington in the year 1862, wherein he declares that on the first day of January, in the year of our Lord 1863, all persons held as slaves within any State, or designated parts of a State, whereof the people shall be in rebellion against the United States, shall be henceforth and forever free, is levelled against the citizens of the Confederate States, and as such is a gross violation of the usages of civilized warfare, an outrage on the rights of private property, and an invitation to an atrocious servile war, and therefore should be held up to the execration of mankind, and counteracted by such severe retaliatory measures as in the judgment of the President may be best calculated to secure its withdrawal or arrest its execution.”

“Mr. Clark, of Missouri, moved that the resolution be referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. He was in favor of declaring every citizen of the Southern Confederacy a soldier authorized to put to death every man caught on our soil in arms against the Government.

“Mr. Henry, of Tennessee, said the resolution did not go far enough. He favored the passage of a law providing that upon any attempt being made to execute the Proclamation of Abraham Lincoln, we immediately hoist the black flag, and proclaim a war of extermination against all invaders of the soil.

“Mr. Phelan, of Mississippi, said he had always been in favor of conducting the war under the black flag. If that flag had been raised at Manassas a year ago, the war would have been ended ere now.”

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Contrabands.—A Port Royal letter says that contrabands are still coming in. There is no cessation in the stream constantly and regularly arriving. It is thought the arrivals are greater in number just now that hitherto.

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Pro-Slavery Literature in England.

A new pamphlet of 122 pages, printed by Bentley in London, has reached this city. It is entitled, “Union, Disunion and Reunion,” and is in the form of a letter from John L. O’Sullivan (late Minister of the United States to Portugal) to General Franklin Pierce.

The author suggests five several causes for the hostility, now finding its culmination in war, between our Southern and Northern States. The fifth of these is “a hostile interference,” by the North, “with the great social question of slavery at the South.” This writer also suggests and recommends a remedy, which is very direct and simple. Let the North, he says, propose to the South such amendments to the Constitution, in regard to slavery and other things, as may remove Southern objections and association with us.

If we would have such reunion, he says:

“The North must make up is mind to give up, once for all and for ever, these two fatal mistakes:

“1. Unequal and unfair tariff taxation of the agricultural South;

“2. Intermeddling with the Southern slavery question, whether by direct of by not less offensive and dangerous indirect means, of attack upon it through the machinery of the Federal Government.

“To do this with effect, adequate amendment of the Constitution is the only way. The amendment must be such as to give ample guarantee for the future.”

It occurs to this ingenious gentleman that Abolitionists and “the anti-slavery party generally” will naturally dislike and oppose such changes. But he has a remedy for this also. “This influence,” he says, “we must simply beat down.”

While we are wondering at the misconceptions of Englishmen in regard to this country and its pending struggle, it is but fair to remember how much pro-slavery literature is prepared and spread before them by the hands of Northern people.

The “Fiend” vs. “Cheerful and Happy” Slaves.

Richmond Inquirer, Oct. 1st—Lincoln would simply drive our servants to their destruction. Cheerful and happy now, he plots their death. An insurrection is their swift destruction . . .

The efforts of the fiend to breed discontent can be readily counteracted ad provided against, if we are vigilant, as we must be. The country courts or military authorities must establish suitable patrols for the preservation of the public peace. The men of a neighborhood, even if there be but a few, and if they be infirm, must keep fire-arms, and forma  neighborhood guard, if necessary. A very little organization and preparation, with vigilance, will suffice to countervail all the efforts of the emissaries whom the fiend may send, and to overawe all turbulence. These things must be duly attended to.

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Extract of a Letter from Aaron M. Powell

Ghent, (N.Y.) Oct. 13, 1862.

Dark as have been the hours and months of this revolution to me—end especially during the later months they were very aggressively so—I rejoice now in the conviction that the darkest hour terminated with the issue of the Proclamation, the 22d of September; and though the day, in its fullness, has not been ushered in, the dawn thereof is visible and bright. The terrible contingencies created by the  “hundred days of grace” are less threatening from the fact that the Black Flag is emblematic of the spirit of the rebels, rather than any observable tendency to concession and compromise. The Proclamation brings the issue in the pending political contest pretty fully upon the ground of the extermination of slavery, as against its preservation. The “radical” nominee for the gubernatorial chair of this State is a truly noble man, and fully ripe for the issue. The “conservative” candidate is, without doubt, what Henry J. Raymond characterized him, “an agent of the Confederate States.” His latest public effort, as you have perhaps observed, was in the Episcopal Convention, now in session in New York, to so preserve the records of that body as that their “Southern brethren” may without embarrassment return to their old fraternal relations, and continue to be regarded as Christians!

Of course, the military exodus of slavery, now almost certain to occur, will be very unlike the beneficent end for which we have labored, to be achieved through the channels of repentance and peace. Nevertheless, let God be praised!

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A gentleman from Harper’s Ferry states that on the top of a pillar of one of the churches, which was much battered in the Antietam fight, some one had written in large letters, “the result of slavery.” Hundreds had written their names on the post below, endorsing the sentiment.

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Contrabands.—Two car loads of contrabands arrived from Cairo yesterday. Farmers were here waiting for them, who took most of them away immediately to work on farms and help save the crops. The war has nearly depopulated some townships of able bodied men, and consequently there is an immense demand for labor to gather the crops. The necessity is so great that people don’t stop to cavil about color. Any one who can work is accepted. But the Egyptian farmers are securing most of the contrabands that arrive at Cairo.² Comparatively few reach the northern portion of the State.—Chicago Tribune.

SATURDAY
OCTOBER 18, 1862
THE SPRINGFIELD REPUBLICAN (MA)

Suffering of the Wounded at Antietam.

From a private letter of a sergeant in the Massachusetts 14th, we take the following account of the suffering of some of our wounded in the great battle of Antietam, for lack of proper and prompt attention:

“As soon as I was wounded I was carried to a large barn, about two miles from the battle-field, where there were about 300 of us wounded. I stayed there the remainder of the day and that night and a part of the next day, without getting anything to eat or drink. Being very dry and hungry I managed to get up and limp around a little, and went and found some water in a little brook about half a mile from the barn. Finding I could limp around pretty smart, I cut two crutches, and if you had seen me you would have thought I had been a cripple all my days. I got back to the barn and met the doctor just as I was going in. He told me he would be in in a few minutes to dress our wounds, and that he had sent some men after some chickens and would have some soup for our suppers. I went in, and you should have seen the poor fellows rise up and ask me for water. I dealt out all I had in my canteen. Of course it would not go half way round. I told them what the doctor had said about the soup, and that if the doctor did not come in about half an hour I would go after some more water. I waited about an hour, and no signs of the doctor or any one else. So I started off, taking 12 canteens, so as to give them all a little. By the time I got back it was dark, and I had hard work to find the place. About midnight two men came in with a kettle of soup; they dealt out about five spoonfuls apiece. I thought to myself, ‘Jim, if that is the way they live in this hotel you have no business here.’ So in the morning I started off to find my regiment, and after travelling all day I found them, and the boys are glad enough to see me. The captain helped me to the doctor, and I had my leg dressed for the first time. My wound is in the same leg I was wounded in at Ball’s Bluff, and I think the rebels are determined to have that leg.”

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Naval Matters.

Expectations of naval operations on the coast are not yet realized. It is stated, however, that a very formidable expedition is fitting out, and that there is no doubt it will succeed in taking some important rebel ports. With a splendid fleet, a measurably propitious season, and eligible points of attack, we may safely promise to record, ere long, a series of brilliant naval victories which shall dismay our enemies and seriously disconcert the plans of their transatlantic friends. The rebel gunboat Alabama, understood to be the gift of 290 British merchants to the rebels, is doing much mischief among our merchant vessels, and is reported to have captured and destroyed already ten New Bedford whalers, valued at $130,000. Other formidable vessels are building and fitting out openly in British ports for the rebel service, and we shall soon have use for all the navy we can command. It is most aggravating thus to have the naval resources of Great Britain used against us, under the pretense of neutrality, but our only satisfaction must be found for the present in nourishing our wrath against the time when we shall repay the cowardly perfidy of England.

General News Summary.

The correspondent of the London Times tells the following of our honored president: A supplicant for office of more than ordinary pretensions, called upon him lately, and presuming on the activity he has shown on Mr. Lincoln’s behalf during the election that raised him to the chief magistracy, asserted as a reason why the office he desired should be given to him, that he had made him president. “You made me president, did you?” said Mr. Lincoln with a twinkle in his eye. “I think I did,” said the applicant. “The a precious mess you’ve got me into, that’s all,” replied Mr. Lincoln, and closed the discussion.

Willard’s hotel in Washington is making a profit of $1000 per day. The present proprietors bought the property for $75,000.

The French papers publish accounts of the expedition of M. Lambert to Madagascar. Its object being primarily the spread of civilization and toleration, the envoy took out for the princesses of that island an abundant stock of crimson robes having skirts resplendent with embroidery, sent by her imperial majesty. But the object of universal interest among the fair was the expanding crinoline, which took everything else down, the only question being whether it should be worn above or beneath the dress. A French officer says that one of Radama’s daughters decided on wearing the “cage” on the outside, and probably that will be the fashion in Madagascar.³

Three fresh crinoline sacrifices are reported from England. Two barmaids burnt to death by their distended skirts taking fire and one factory girl drawn into machinery by the same means and crushed to death.

The increase of pauperism in some districts of Lancashire and Cheshire, England, as compared with the relief records of 1861, is startling. In Ashton-under-Lyne, the rate of increase is 857 per cent, in Blackburn 455 per cent, in Burnley 802 per cent, and in Stockport 488 per cent.

Twelve vessels, laden with cotton, from India, reached Liverpool the 26th of September. Their aggregate cargoes amounted to fifty-four thousand six hundred and fifty-seven bales.

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Miscellaneous War News.

The rebels are likely soon to have a fleet too powerful to be laughed at, built and armed for them in England, and probably manned by English sailors. The traitor Mason is reported to be at Greenock, Scotland, purchasing swift steamers for the rebels. A late London letter says: “The confederates are building and buying a navy here. The two formidable steamers which have gone out, though not so powerful as they were represented, will soon be followed by four or five others. Some of these are rams, of great strength and power, expressly built for the confederates; the others are some of the fastest steamers that were ever built on the Clyde. Two or three months will see the confederates in possession of not a large, but a very strong and efficient navy, for which the North will do well to be prepared.”

¹ non compos mentis, “not of sound mind.”

² The southern tip of Illinois is referred to as “Egypt” because of Cairo. 

³ The “cage” was a lightweight structure tied around the wearer’s hips of successively larger hoops over which the material of the dress draped so as to form almost a half sphere. See illustration. “Radama” is King Radama II, former Prince Rakoto.